Thursday, March 20, 2008

Bad Troubleshooting Methods

The kadaitcha.cx High CPU Usage page is quite popular on the Web and is linked to from several hundred Websites and forums. A scan of the forums linking to the page reveals statements like "I tried that link to no avail", "Nothing at that link helped", and "I have looked at those links" in response to being given the link.

Ok, so the poster who wrote "I have looked at those links" looked at those links, but did he bother to try anything at all? It's highly unlikely. More probable is that the poster unreasonably expected a quick-fix answer that he hoped would immediately get to the heart of the problem without him having to think too hard or "waste" time in applying a methodical troubleshooting approach. As it was, the poster wasted more time by visiting a forum and waiting several days for only those answers that would please him, which he didn't get anyway.

It turns out that the answer was there on the kadaitcha.cx page all the time, in an article entitled "
". His machine was a desktop unit with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) attached. He hadn't figured out that the UPS is actually a battery, and had assumed that "batteries don't apply because only laptops have batteries." If he'd been just a little methodical by using a process of elimination he would have disconnected the UPS and ran the machine directly from the main power. In fact, had he actually "looked at those links", as he claimed he had, he would have seen the instructions about stripping the machine to a bare-bones state, which would have revealed the cause far quicker than he had by haunting Web forums seeking a quick-fix.

In another example, also a high cpu usage problem, one Web forum poster was given the link to kadaitcha.cx High CPU Usage page and claimed to have read it but found no solution. The poster was later advised by someone to get a BIOS update but he asserted that the machine was brand-new, right out of the box therefore a BIOS update was not necessary. He failed to realise that just because the machine is new out of the box, it does not follow that the BIOS should not be updated. Equipment can sit for months in warehouses and storerooms before it gets sold.

Had the poster in the latter example actually read the articles, like the poster in the former example, he would have found his solution on the kadaitcha.cx page: "If your high CPU problem started after installing something, uninstall it. If the problem began after uninstalling something, reinstall it." His OS was an OEM install that had a lot of OEM rubbish installed so he uninstalled a lot of software and deleted some files that he thought were not necessary.

Your approach to troubleshooting must be methodical, with likely causes eliminated first. Random poking at things will get you nowhere, create frustration for you, and like the two Web forum posters in the examples above, probably cause you to wait on a Web forum for days while you hope someone will give you an answer, any answer, even if it's the wrong answer.

Tip: Some of the pages on kadaitcha.cx are very long. If you have a printer then print the page out and check things off as you go.

Tip: Use the kadaitcha.cx site search facility at the top of each page. If the keywords you use don't turn up what you're looking for, consider changing your keywords.

Tip: If the problem can't be associated with anything specific, try to eliminate hardware first. Both the
kadaitcha.cx High CPU Usage page and the Interrupt Request (IRQ) Conflicts page have details on how to do this.

Tip: If you can't sort the problem out yourself, don't be ashamed of not having the technical background to solve it. Not everyone is kitted out with a logical, methodical mind full of instant solutions to technical problems. Post into the
kadaitcha.cx Support Forums and ask for help.

Thursday, March 6, 2008

XP SP3

Perhaps this article should be titled "Power of Monopoly". On the kadaitcha.cx XP Compatibility page you will find a comment about the XP Upgrade Adviser being withdrawn and users being redirected to the Vista Upgrade Adviser because Microsoft don't want you to upgrade your Windows 98 to XP; they want you to buy Vista.

Microsoft's documentation for XP Service Pack 3 states, "Windows XP SP3 fills gaps in the updates they might have missed—for example, by declining individual updates when using Windows Update."

You know that troublesome update that caused your system to hang? Well, guess what? You have no choice in the matter if you install XP SP3. And in the very next sentence, Microsoft take an opportunity to plug Vista, "Windows Vista provides the most advanced security and management capability, but for PCs that cannot be upgraded to Windows Vista right now, Windows XP SP3..."

Have no fear if you've avoided installing Internet Exploder 7. XP SP3 doesn't include IE 7. The service pack will update whichever version (6 or 7) of IE that you have installed.

There are some, not many, additions and changes to functionality in SP3. For previously released functionality there's a new MMC (Management Console) that brings the MMC up to par with Server 2008 and Vista so that a consistent interface is available across all current Windows platforms. MSXML6 is new, and there's an updated Windows Installer, an upgraded BITS (background intelligent transfer service), IPSec filtering got an upgrade, DIMS is added, which is for machines on a domain and allows silent access to certificates and private keys, support for PNRP 2.1 (Peer Name Resolution Protocol) has been added, along with updated internals to use PNRP, and WPA2, which is Microsoft's interpretation of IEEE 802.11i wireless security.

As for completely new functionality "Black Hole" router detection is installed and turned on by default. NAP (Network Access Protection) is a security platform that allows XP to use NAP policies that may be enabled on Vista and Server 2008. The Security Options control panel has had a help text improvement, and there's enhanced security for Administrator and Service policy entries. There's also an updated cryptographic module. Other than that, there's not much new, except...

Finally! Microsoft have dimly seen the light. In Windows Vista, you can install the product without specifying a product key, which is desirable for developers, experimenters and other tech-types the world over. The documentations for XP SP3 says "...users can now complete operating system installation without providing a product key during a full, integrated installation of Windows XP SP3. The operating system will prompt the user for a product key later as part of Genuine Advantage."

It remains to be seen if a slipstreamed SP3 will exhibit this behaviour.

XP SP3 is for 32-bit Windows. Microsoft's x64 editions of Windows XP are covered by the release of Windows Server 2003 SP2.

And to top it all off, the Microsoft documentation for XP SP3 has yet another go at convincing you to buy Vista by repeating,
"Windows Vista provides the most advanced security and management capability, but for PCs that cannot be upgraded to Windows Vista right now, Windows XP SP3...".

It must be a mantra.

Free XP Tweaks, Free Vista Tweaks Too

For some reason, people pay good money for tweaking software packages that offer "unparalleled access" to hundreds of hidden XP or Vista settings and allow you to customise the Windows environment without getting lost in the registry editor. Companies are charging anywhere between $US25 and $US100 for something that is already built into the operating system; the Group Policy Editor (GPEdit).

GPEdit gives you full control over Startup/Shutdown Scripts, Password Policy, Account Lockout Policy, Audit Policy, User Rights Assignment, Security Options, Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS), DNS Client, Link-Layer Topology Discovery, Microsoft Peer-to-Peer Networking Services, Peer Name Resolution Protocol, Network Connections, Windows Firewall, Offline Files, QoS Packet Scheduler, SNMP, SSL Configuration Settings, Windows Connect Now, Printers, Credentials Delegation, Device Installation, Disk NV Cache, Disk Quotas, Distributed COM, Driver Installation, Folder Redirection, Group Policy, Internet Communication Management, iSCSI, Kerberos, Locale Services, Logon, Net Logon, NTFS Filesystem, Performance, Control Panel, Power Management, Remote Assistance, Remote Procedure Call, Removable Storage Access, Shutdown Options, System Restore, Troubleshooting and Diagnostics, Trusted Platform Module Services, User Profiles, Windows File Protection, Windows HotStart, Windows Time Service,
expand the functionality of Internet Explorer or lock it down securely, prevent certain applications from running or force them to run when a user logs on, customise the Start menu, prevent access to hard disks, stop users from installing software via removable media, allow RDP users to shut a remote system down, customise the windows desktop and control panel, specify password complexity, restrict logon times and more.

There are well over 1,000 settings that can be applied to users or to the whole machine, and it's all there in the OS, complete with a graphical user interface and extensive help text.

All you have to do is run gpedit.msc from the Start menu's Run box. Best of all, it won't cost you any extra money.

Wednesday, March 5, 2008

Open Source Software - AutoHotKey

There's a myriad of great open source software available for the Windows OS. One favourite of kadaitcha.cx is AutoHotKey, which can save you untold hours of time if you have to perform endlessly repetetive tasks.

On a recent assignment, several technical types were complaining about how many days it would take them to move the logon and license details of 6000 users from one proprietary system to another, so kadaitcha.cx offered to do the work for them. Roll out AutoHotKey, 30 minutes spent getting a feel for the application, writing and testing a script, and voila! Two hours later, 6000 users migrated, without a hitch.

Needless to say, the alleged "experts" were somewhat surprised at how little time the job actually took; they'd been doing the migrations one by one, field by field. Odd that none of them thought about a macro solution... I should fire them.

AutoHotkey is a free, open-source utility for Windows that allows you to automate almost any task by sending keystrokes and mouse clicks. You can write macros by hand or use the simple macro recorder, and you can edit any macro that you record to fine tune it.

You can create hotkeys for your keyboard, joystick or mouse and assign nearly every key, button, or combination to a hotkey. Your scripts can even respond to signals from hand-held remote controls, and they can be converted into an executable that can be run on computers that don't have AutoHotkey installed.

You'll find AutoHotKey here: http://www.autohotkey.com/

From the website:

Change the volume, mute, and other settings of any soundcard.

Make any window transparent, always-on-top, or alter its shape.

Use a joystick or keyboard as a mouse.

Monitor your system. For example, close unwanted windows the moment they appear.

Retrieve and change the clipboard's contents, including file names copied from an Explorer window.


Disable or override Windows' own shortcut keys such as Win+E and Win+R.

Alleviate RSI with substitutes for Alt-Tab (using keys, mouse wheel, or buttons).

Customize the tray icon menu with your own icon, tooltip, menu items, and submenus.

Display dialog boxes, tooltips, balloon tips, and popup menus to interact with the user.


Perform scripted actions in response to system shutdown or logoff.

Detect how long the user has been idle. For example, run CPU intensive tasks only when the user is away.


Automate game actions by detecting images and pixel colors (intended for legitimate uses)

Read, write, and parse text files more easily than in other languages.

Perform operation(s) upon a set of files that match a wildcard pattern.

Work with the registry and INI files.

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